The 31st later participated in some of the heaviest fighting of the war at Triangle Hill and Sniper Ridge in October 1952. When hostilities broke out between Japanese and Chinese forces in Shanghai in early 1932, the 31st Infantry was sent to reinforce the 4th Marine Regiment in the International Settlement of Shanghai. We were established in 1983 as a member-based, charitable 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Annual reunions are still being held. The 31st Infantry Regiment ("Polar Bears") of the United States Army was formed on 13 August 1916, and was part of USAFFE's Philippine Division during World War II. It was constructed by Jim Amor (A-345) and other veterans of the 87th Division using numerous sources, including the 87th unit history books that were published shortly after World War II. The division returned to the United States and was inactivated at Camp Stoneman on 21 December. Task Force 431 returned to Fort Drum in November 2007. It was originally activated as the 10th, a division established in early 1917 consisting of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia national guardsmen. During the Russian Revolution, on 13 August 1918, the 31st moved from Manila's tropics to the bitter cold of Siberia as part of the American Expeditionary Force Siberia. The 31st incurred heavy casualties by the time it rejoined the main defensive line at Abucay on 9 January. Task Force 431 suffered 28 soldiers killed in action. Florida units trained at Camp J. Clifford R. Foster, Alabama units at Camp McClellan, Mississippi units at Camp Shelby, and Louisiana and sometimes Mississippi units at Camp Beauregard. Less than a year after the 31sts formation, the United States entered World War I in April 1917. "On 20 May, the Regiment was incorporated under the Dachau Area. Our funding helps to acquire and conserve Army historical art and artifacts, support Army history educational programs, research, and publication of historical materials on the American Soldier, and provide support and counsel to private and governmental organizations committed to the same goals. It remains the only active battalion of the 31st Infantry to uphold a proud legacy that includes six Presidential Unit Citations, a host of other unit awards, and twenty-five campaign streamers. Reinforcing the 4th Marine Regiment and a predominantly British International Force, the 31st Infantry deployed hastily by sea to protect Shanghai's International Settlement. C Company, 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, conducted the various training exercises in July 2003, while in Djibouti including known distance ranges, both in Djibouti and Ethiopia; reflexive fire ranges, both in Djibouti and Ethiopia; AK-47 range for familiarization of the weapon system; familiarization ranges for shotguns and 9mm pistols; external sling load training with Heavy Marine Helicopter Company (HMH-461) both day and night iterations to help certify them; its mortar platoon underwent training on the mortar ballistic computer and the plotting board to further their proficiency. The battalion returned to Fort Lewis for inactivation in October 1970. As a result, the 61st Brigade included the 121st and 122nd Infantry with the 117th Machine Gun Battalion, the 62nd included the 123rd and 124th Infantry with the 118th Machine Gun Battalion, and the 56th included the 116th, 117th, and 118th Field Artillery Regiments with the 106th Trench Mortar Battery. 6th Battalion, 31st Infantry, arrived in South Vietnam in April 1968 and assisted in the recapture of Saigons suburbs during Phase II of the Tet Offensive in May 1968. The division, which initially had nine infantry regiments grouped into three brigades was squared or reorganized into a more simplified four-regiment structure within two brigades. In 1968 the division was eliminated, with its units becoming part of the 30th Armored Division. Campaigns: New Guinea, Southern Philippines. including the 87th unit history books that were published shortly after . This is one of the largest web sites dedicated to a single Civil War Infantry Regiment. For the next two years, the 6th Battalion fought all across the Mekong Delta and the Plain of Reeds. The 6th Battalion was sent to South Vietnam in the spring of 1968, arriving just in time to help recapture Saigon's suburbs during the abortive May Offensive. Returning to Pusan in late December 1950, the 31st Infantry participated in counteroffensive operations in central Korea throughout most of 1951. 05/21/2022. History. The 31st garrisoned the old walled city of Manila until Japanese troops invaded China. The 156th Infantry Regiment of the Louisiana National Guard was separated from the 31st Division on 14 July 1942. World War II, Records of (RG 331) administrative history 331.1 Air Staff, SHAEF 331.13 Allied Force Headquarters . The daily location of the WWII veteran's unit and any movements they made. On 5 July 1932, when the crisis passed, the unit returned to the Philippines. Medical Units attached to Third United States Army during operations in the E.T.O., dated 1 August 1944. He served in the military between 1862 and 1865 in 74th Illinois Infantry. Returning to Iraq in May 2006 at the height of the Sunni insurgency, 4/31 Infantry was the core of an 800-strong task force operating in the Sunni Triangle. Working in conjunction with Iraqi security forces, the soldiers of 4/31 Infantry conducted counterinsurgency operations accounting for the capture of approximately 1,500 insurgents. In 1967, the battalion moved north to help form the 23rd "Americal" Infantry Division. [11], The division headquarters became the headquarters of the 31st Brigade, 30th Armored Division at Tuscaloosa on the next day. 129th Infantry Regiment (until 31 Jul 43) . In August 1938, the division was reunited for the Fourth Corps Area concentration of the Third Army Maneuver in the De Soto National Forest, during which it operated as part of the provisional IV Corps. The battalion returned to the United States in November 2007 after sixteen months in Iraq, having lost twenty-six soldiers. The regiment also served as the honor guard of U.S. forces in the Philippine Department. May 45 General Orders 36 Lists of Silver Star and Bronze Star Medal Citations . The unit was later used to guard allied headquarters and supply lines in liberated territory. After the Inchon and Suwon-Osan operations, the 31st boarded transports at Pusan in October and took part in the landings at Iwon, North Korea, on 3 November in an effort to cut off retreating enemy troops. [2] Kernan was replaced by 56th Field Artillery Brigade commander Brigadier General John Louis Hayden, the senior brigade commander, on 18 September. In 2003, 300 soldiers deployed on security and training missions to Djibouti and Ethiopia in support of Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa. By 21 July, the division fielded 24,000 men, with its officers mostly from the Organized Reserve Corps and the National Army. In April 1953, the 31st took part in the first battle of Pork Chop Hill and played a key role in securing the position after the regiments Company E was overrun by Chinese forces on the night of 16 April. 2nd Infantry Division Campaigns during World War II. Under orders of strict neutrality, American soldiers were not to interfere in Russian internal affairs as stated by President Wilson unless attacked by an armed force. The 155th Infantry Regiment, formed in Mississippi, is the 7th oldest Regiment in the US Army. - HQ Eighth US Army Korea, General Orders No. They landed at Brest between 13 and 21 October, except for the 117th and 118th Machine Gun Battalions and the 106th Train Headquarters and Military Police, which arrived in England on 17 October. On the night of 24 September, elements of the North Korean 105th Armored Division attacked the regiments 2d Battalion on Hill 142 near the Suwon airfield, but were repulsed with the help of artillery support. In early August 1917, the federal government called the entire Alabama National Guard to active duty for service in World War I. The 163d Regiment entered the struggle for the defense of Port Moresby, New Guinea, at Dobadura, 2 January 1943, and fought continuously along the Sanananda track until the 22d. It was used as school troops for the Infantry School at Fort Benning, Georgia until it was inactivated on 2 March 1944. He returned to Corregidor Island under the orders of Major General Marshall in September 1945 to retrieve the bowl from its hidden location. Company: Rank: Name: Remarks: Field & Staff: Adjutant: Boynton, Joseph W. Wounded at Stones River, Tennessee on 31 Dec 1862 . He was with the leading element of the Second Battalion moving north to link up with friendly units when the column was attacked by enemy who were entrenched and concentrated on high ground along the route of advance. A/4-31 and HHC/4-31 deployed to Camp Phoenix in Kabul, Afghanistan to conduct security operations for CJTF-Phoenix which was training the Afghan National Army (ANA). In 1974, the 2d Battalion was reactivated at Fort Ord, CA where it remained until its inactivation in 1988. 6/31 Infantry remained in Vietnam with the divisions 3d Brigade and earned a well-deserved reputation for combat prowess. The 56th Field Artillery Brigade left to train at Camp Jackson on 24 July, while the 2nd Battalion, 122nd Infantry relocated to Camp Greene on 20 August. Two captains from the 31st, Earl R. Short and George A. Sansep, buried the Shanghai Bowl and cups in a waterproof box on Malinta Hill and burned the colors before Corregidor fell on 6 May. . We seek to educate future Americans to fully appreciate the sacrifices that generations of American Soldiers have made to safeguard the freedoms of this Nation. [11], The 31st Infantry (NGUS) Division was effectively reformed with units from Alabama and Mississippi, with its headquarters moving to Mobile on 10 December 1956 and back to Birmingham on 2 May 1959. The Chinese withdrew after a brief battle. The 31st Regiment, Maine Infantry was organized at Augusta and mustered in April 17, 1864. The New York State National Guard Division was officially designated the 27th Infantry Division on July 20th, 1917. The combat team moved up to advanced positions and took part in the general offensive launched 13 July, including the bloody Battle of Driniumor River. When MG King announced he would surrender the Bataan Defense Force on 9 April 1942, the 31st Infantry buried its colors and the cherished Shanghai Bowl to keep them out of enemy hands. Upon completion of training at Kuwait, the task force assumed responsibility for conducting combat operations in the Taji, Saba al Boor, Al Rasheed, Kadhamiya, Abu Ghraib, and Yusufiyah districts of Baghdad. [4] During October, the division was reinforced with 10,000 men from Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, transferred from Camps Gordon, Jackson, and Pike, as it began systematic training on 22 October. Twenty-nine of the regiment's members earned the Distinguished Service Cross and one was recommended for the Medal of Honor, but the entire chain of command died in captivity before the medal recommendation could be formally submitted. Instead of being sent to Camp McClellan, the 31st went to Camp Blanding, arriving on 22 December to discover that it was still under construction. The 31st, the "Montezuma Regiment," contained one company from Williamsburg and the others were from New York city, where it was mustered into the U. S. service for two years on May 14 and 27 and June 13, 1861. This roster includes Division Headquarters, Division Artillery Headquarters, 736th Ordnance Company, 36th Signal Company, 36th Quartermaster Company, 36th Cavalry Recon Troop, MP Troop, Band, and the entirety of the 141st Infantry Regiment. The 31st Infantry Division served for 245 days in Combat in the The Asiatic Pacific Theater of operations; during this time they served in the campaigns of NEW GUINEA, and the SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES. Alerted on 25 June 1944 for movement to Aitape, the 124th RCT left Oro Bay and landed at Aitape, New Guinea, 3-6 July 1944. In 1944 it was sent to the South-West Pacific Area, fighting in the New Guinea campaign and in the Battle of Mindanao. e.o.d. During the latter month, 2,000 men, including 1,200 from Camp Travis, joined the 31st. During the maneuvers, held in the Kisatchie National Forest during August 1940, the 31st operated as part of IV Corps against VIII Corps. The unit was sent to England and then to Oran, Algeria, where they were redesignated the 202nd Infantry Battalion and assigned military police duties due to the large number of French-speaking members of the unit. location of the Company HQ on a map. 31 st Inf Div History, 06/01/1945. The artifacts were finally retrieved in 1945. By December 1919, the Kolchak regime collapsed and White Russian forces were in disarray. 25th Infantry Division - "Tropic Lightning" 26th Infantry Division "Yankee Division" 27th Infantry Division - New York Division 28th Infantry Divi sion "Keystone Division" 29th Infantry Division - "Blue and Gray" 30th Infantry Division "Old Hickory" 31st Infantry Division - "Dixie Division" In 1948, the occupation of Korea ended and the regiment moved to the Japanese island of Hokkaido, occupying the land of its former tormentor. also has 86 Distinguished Service Crosses. In WWII the 31st Infantry Regiment was part of the US Philippine Division, after the war referred to as the 12th Infantry Division. Unfortunately, the peninsula had not been provisioned with food and medicine and no help could come in from the outside after much of the Pacific fleet was destroyed at Pearl Harbor and mid-ocean bases at Guam and Wake Island were lost. . Once in France, the 31st was planned to become the seventh depot division, a cadre formation responsible for processing replacements. In 1971, the 2d Battalion was inactivated in Korea. The 71st Infantry Division and the Liberation of Gunskirchen. The Army Historical Foundation is the designated official fundraising organization for the National Museum of the United States Army. Of the original fifty officers and 1,000 soldiers of the 3/31 Infantry during the Chosin operation, only two officers and 100 enlisted men reached the coast. For example, by the end of January, 1945, the 47 th Infantry Regiment (which fought in France and Germany) had lost well over 100% of their strength to battle casualties, where men were either killed, wounded . According to the 5 May 1917 organization plan of National Guard divisions, the Alabama, Florida, and Georgia guard units were to form the 10th Division, though it was not organized at the time. 31st Division (American Expeditionary Forces) 120.9.3 31st Infantry Regiment 98.3.2, 391.5.5 . [2] On 15 March 1918, Major General Francis H. French became division commander; he was replaced by Major General LeRoy Springs Lyon two months later. The 31st Infantry covered the withdrawal of American and Philippine forces to the Bataan Peninsula. On 10 November the division headquarters relocated to Birmingham; Blanding retired on 18 November and was replaced by Alabama Major General John C. Persons, who led the division for most of the next four years. Bravely and without regard for his own personal safety, he advanced alone against these positions, exposing himself to draw their fire from other elements of the column who were regrouping to make an attack. During this deployment, the regiment recommended one Medal of Honor and 15 Distinguished Service Crosses. The headquarters company of the 2nd Brigade became the headquarters company of the new 31st Brigade.[11]. The 31st RCT was comprised of 2d and 3d Battalions of the 31st Infantry (2/31 Infantry, 3/31 Infantry; 1st Battalion, 32d Infantry (1/32 Infantry); 57th Field Artillery Battalion; and 31st Tank Company. In April 2002, the Polar Bears returned to Fort Drum, and in 2003 roughly 300 soldiers from the 431st deployed to Djibouti, B company to Iraq, and A Company to Camp Phoenix outside Kabul, Afghanistan in support of CJTF-HOA as TF 431. [6]. May 2003, C/4-31 and the battalion's Mortar Platoon deployed to the Horn of Africa to conduct operations in Djibouti and Ethiopia in support of Operation Enduring Freedom for CJTF Horn of Africa. In wake of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, 4th Battalion participated in Operation NOBLE EAGLE, protecting critical infrastructure in Maryland. Raymond B Company, 601st Tank Destroyer Battalion 382. [3], The division included the 61st and 62nd Infantry Brigades and the 56th Field Artillery Brigade by the end of the concentration period. The Association publishes a newsletter called "The Octofoil", and is published 4 times a year. Select members of the battalion were also designated as trainers for the ANA. The 31st Infantry Division arrived in Oro Bay, New Guinea, 24 April 1944, and engaged in amphibious training prior to entering combat. While in Shanghai, the officers of the 31st collected $1,600 in silver dollars and had a Chinese silversmith craft a silver punch bowl and sixty-five matching cups to commemorate the regiments service in Shanghai. Operating at Quang Ngai, Chu Lai and the Que Son Valley for most of the rest of the war, the 4th Battalion fought to keep Viet Cong guerillas and the People's Army of Vietnam away from the coastal lowlands. Names like Old Baldy, Pork Chop Hill, Triangle Hill, and OP Dale are among the war's most famous battles, all fought by the 31st Infantry and bought with its blood. Encountering road blocks along the route, the task force, including many of the wounded, tried to clear Chinese positions, suffering additional heavy casualties. Organized in 1917 during World War I from the national guardsmen of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, the division deployed to France in September 1918, arriving weeks before the Armistice of 11 November that ended the war. The 4th Battalion went to South Vietnam in the spring of 1967, operating initially in War Zone D and around Tay Ninh near the Cambodian border as a unit under the 196th Infantry Brigade (Separate). Fifty percent of the 31st Infantry and the rest of the defenders were sick and malnourished by the time the Japanese renewed their offensive in early April. Upon receiving orders to withdraw, the task force began heading south toward Marine lines at Hagaru-ri with over 600 wounded loaded in trucks. During this action Sergeant Paine was mortally wounded while fiercely resisting enemy forces counterattacking in an attempt to retain the hilltop. Two additional soldiers at that position, SGT Alex Jimenez and PFC Byron Fouty, were captured during that attack and were missing until July 2008. It was mobilized in 1940 during World War II, and spent several years training in the United States. Ray, John F Company, 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division 482. However, with the threat of war looming in the Pacific, General Douglas MacArthur, who was the military adviser to the Philippine government, began instituting a program for national defense and augmentation of the Philippine armed forces. [2], On 1 September, the 31st was reorganized in accordance with the tables of organization of 8 August, which called for a square division with four infantry regiments. The 31st Infantry was assigned to cover the withdrawal of units onto the peninsula. [9], During the interwar period, the division did not train together in most years, as separate summer camps were held for the units of each state. Other elements reverted to Sansapor, where they maintained and operated the base. In his advance, he neutralized two enemy automatic weapons, permitting friendly troops to advance without casualties. From Maryland to Kuwait, Qatar and Uzbekistan the 31st protected American forces and facilities from terrorist attack. . The 4th Armored Division was activated during World War II on 15 April 1941 with 3,800 men (10,000 by the end of May 1941) from various other units, at Pine Camp (Camp Drum, 1951; Fort Drum, 1974), New York under its first Commanding General, Brigadier General Henry W. Baird.. World War II. When Chinese troops swept down from Manchuria, they surrounded a task force led by the 31st Infantry's commander, COL Allan MacLean. It has still never served in the continental United States. COL MacLean and his successor, LTC Don C. Faith, were both killed during the ensuing battle. With the end of hostilities on 15 August 1945, the 31st accomplished the surrender of all Japanese forces remaining in Mindanao. Roughly half of the 1600 members of the 31st Infantry who surrendered at Bataan perished while prisoners of the Japanese. Created in 1917, the 2nd Infantry Division first saw service in World War I.During World War II, the "Indianhead" division landed on Omaha Beach on June 7, 1944, and broke out of Normandy before moving into Belgium. After the war, the 31st Infantry Regiment remained in Korea until the Army reorganized all infantry regiments into battle groups in 1957. The two battalions destroyed fourteen enemy tanks, six antitank guns, several mortars, inflicted over 300 North Korean casualties, and secured the Suwon-Osan corridor. The Division made an assault landing on Morotai, 15 September 1944, meeting only light opposition. The Thirty-First Indiana Volunteer Infantry Web site contains information on the Regiments' History, Flags, Battles, Uniform and Weapons and information on my Great Great Grandfather, Andrew Gosnell.. When the Army abandoned battle groups in favor of brigades and battalions in 1963, the 31st Infantry's 1st and 2nd Battalions were reactivated in South Korea, the 3rd Battalion remained in the Army Reserve, and the 5th Battalion replaced the 2nd Battle Group at Fort Rucker. On 22 April 1945, the division landed on Mindanao to take part in the liberation of the Philippines. Disease such as malaria and dysentery became rampant on both sides, particularly the Americans and Filipinos when medical supplies were exhausted. The 31st was reorganized in 1923 with national guardsmen from Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi. [13] The 31st Infantry Division was transferred to Fort Carson, Colorado in February 1954 from Camp Atterbury. Earl R. Short (who had buried it) after his release from a POW camp, and Col. Niederpreum. WW2 Army Unit Records Research. In November 1950, the 31st Infantry made its second amphibious invasion of the campaign, landing at Iwon, not far from Vladivostok where the 31st had fought just 30 years before. As a result of the rapid retreat, many units were forced to abandon crucial supplies and heavy weapons. Composed of men from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Michigan, Illinois, and Mississippi at various points in its existence, the division saw service in both World War I and World War II, and was mobilized during the Korean War, although it was not sent overseas in the latter. However, the units of the 31st did not begin concentration until 25 August, when Major General Francis Joseph Kernan took command. Company C was one of the units identified as having deployed. The 31st Infantry Regiment ("Polar Bears") of the United States Army was formed on 13 August 1916, and was part of USAFFE's Philippine Division during World War II.The unit is rare in that it was formed and has spent most of its life on non-American soil. After deploying to Afghanistan in early 2002, 4th Battalion took part in Operation ANACONDA in the Shah-i-Kot Valley in March of that same year. In all, around 1,000 men from the task reached friendly lines, but less than 400 were considered fit for duty. Raymer, Joe US Navy 419. Organized September 1917 at Camp Jackson, SC, from drafts of NC, SC, and FL. When Bataan fell to the Japanese in April 1942 it became obvious that the 31st would be forced to surrender. The 31st departed the Philippines in August 1918 for the Russian port of Vladivostok, arriving on 21 August. Despite starvation, disease, no supplies, obsolete weapons, and often inoperative ammunition, the peninsula's defenders fought the Japanese to a standstill for 4 months, upsetting Japan's timetable for Asia's conquest. 4th infantry division ww2 roster. In March 2003, B Company, 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom in order to conduct base defense and combat operations for (combined joint special operations task force-AP) CJSOTF- Arabian Peninsula. The 31st Infantry Regiment ("Polar Bears"[1]) of the United States Army was formed on 13 August 1916, and was part of USAFFE's Philippine Division during World War II. The 2nd tenaciously held its position during the Battle of the Bulge, preventing further German attempts to reconquer Belgium. C Company and 4th Battalion Commander joined A Company for combat operations in Afghanistan, fighting in the Shah-I-Kowt Valley region and successfully eliminating it as a safe haven for international terrorism. He would receive his next (and last) promotion, to Field Marshal, on June 22, 1942. . Battalion returned to the United States entered World War I units becoming part of 1600. 1917 at Camp Stoneman on 21 August to the Philippines and Uzbekistan the 31st Infantry participated in NOBLE. Location of the Japanese trainers for the next day his advance, he neutralized two automatic! The E.T.O., dated 1 August 1944 Records of ( RG 331 ) administrative history 331.1 Staff. 31St would be forced to abandon crucial supplies and heavy weapons and 1865 in 74th Infantry... The main defensive line at Abucay on 9 January joined the 31st Infantry participated in counteroffensive operations in Liberation! 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